The Neurological Alchemy of Yoga: transforming behavior by targeting neural pathways
In the past decades, the ancient practice of yoga has gained significant attention not only for its physical benefits, but also for its profound impact on the brain. Interest of scientists has turned towards the mechanisms underlying the influence of yoga practice on physical/mental health, aging and disease. They explore the transformative effects of yoga on neuropathways that lead to positive changes in behavior and habits. The evidence supporting the impact of yoga on neural pathways is compelling. From fostering neuroplasticity to reducing stress and enhancing cognitive function, yoga appears to be a powerful catalyst for positive changes in behavior and habits.
Yoga has been linked to neuroplasticity, the brain's remarkable ability to reorganize itself. As we repeat the same pose hundreds of times, and as we breathe with the same pattern hundreds of times, we allow our brain to rewire. Studies suggest that regular yoga practice can have a positive effect on the structure and/or function on brain networks, promoting adaptability and resilience in the face of behavioral changes
Yoga is also renowned for its stress-reducing properties. As stress and anxiety decrease, cortisol levels in the body also diminish. This decline in cortisol contributes to a healthier nervous system and may lead to positive alterations in behavioral responses to stressors.
Yoga emphasizes mindfulness, encouraging practitioners to stay present in the moment. This heightened awareness has been associated with improvements in emotional regulation, fostering a more measured and intentional approach to behavior. For instance, chanting is a powerful tool that we use in Yoga Therapy to reorient the mind. Studies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging suggest that OM chanting activates the prefrontal cortex, a brain region involved in the regulation of emotions.
Certain yoga practices have been correlated with an increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the brain. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in reducing neuronal excitability. Higher GABA levels are associated with a calmer mind, potentially influencing behavioral changes.
Yoga involves a combination of physical postures, breath control, and meditation, which collectively contribute to improved cognitive function. This heightened cognitive capacity may lead to more thoughtful decision-making and the establishment of healthier habits.
Research suggests that regular yoga practice may positively influence the size of the hippocampus, a region of the brain associated with memory and learning. As the hippocampus strengthens, individuals may experience enhanced memory and improved ability to learn new, positive behaviors.
As we continue to examine the intricate connections between yoga and neuroscience, it becomes increasingly clear that this ancient practice has the potential to reshape not only our bodies but also our minds.